A Mathematical Puzzle

Once in a marriage party people from three castes arrived namely The Brahmans , The Rajputs and The Muslims. The food arrangement at the party consisted 100 plates for 100 people . The Brahmans said that each one of them will eat 4 plates. The Rajputs said that each one of them will eat 2 plates. The Muslims then said that 4 of them can eat from 1 plate. The Number of plates and people cannot be changed then find the number of Brahmans , Rajputs and Muslims that were at the party so that all of them ate the food as per conditions.

SUCCESS PLAN ::::: BETTER REVISION

We remember only 18% of what we have learnt initially, after 24 hours and we tend to forget rest of 82%. This is a very important fact for you to remember. We will discuss below how can prevent this loss by using the technique of Systematic Revision which is a programmed pattern of review.

The human brain has 1500 crore neurons or brain cells. Each single brain cell makes connection with 5000 to 10,000 other brain cells. The brain can be imagined to be a huge telephone network. When we learn something, new connections are created in the brain. Repetition strengthens that network.

Famous author Tony Buzan recommends Systematic Revision like this. The first review should take place 10 minutes after a one hour learning period and should itself take 10 minutes. This will keep the recall high for approximately one day, when the next review should take place, this time for a period of 2 to 4 minutes. After this, recall will probably be retained for approximately a week, when another 2 minute review can be completed followed by a further review after about one month.

Systematic Revision is an extremely powerful scientific technique for transferring information from the short-term memory to long-tern memory. This technique Improves your learning, thinking and remembering.

SUCCESS PLAN ::::: REMEMBER IN A BETTER WAY

In order to reduce or remove the causes of forgetting and so be able to remember better we have to

1. Get a strong impression by paying careful attention.

We must obtain a deep Impression Of the mind of what we wish to remember. The attention must be concentrated on only one thing at a time to the exclusion of everything else.
If you want to concentrate on something, you must feel that It matters to you. You must be interested in it. It must evoke your enthusiasm. The deeper and more permanent the interest the more sustained the attention.

2. Repeat under conditions in which repetition is effective.

Psychologists have discovered a number of conditions under which repeating what we wish to remember helps us to remember it. Those conditions are

(a) You remember better if you understand what you repeat (better comprehension).

b) You remember better if you study a little but often (spaced learning-have frequent breaks while studying)

Do not study more than half an hour continuously without any break. Give a break for every half an hour. A five minute break is good enough. Actually, we remember better at the beginning and at the end of a learning period. We remember less during the middle of learning period. It shows that if you have four learning of each 30 minutes in approximately in a 2 hours session, then there are 4 beginnings and 4 ends which correspond to high learning and high memory.

In the 5 minute break period, you may get up and walk or you may close your eyes and relax. You must remember two important aspects of  break :
(1) you must relax
(ii) you must continue study after about 5 minutes.

Relaxation results in increased blood flow to your brain, and that means you function at higher intelligence.

SUCCESS PLAN ::::: EFFECTIVE LEARNING

I. Always make an effort to understand the study material / lessons,
the principles which underlie it.

II. Instead of reading and rereading, read and then try to recall. The most popular way of doing a thing is not always the best way. For instance, People may expect to remember a piece of material after reading it once - or after reading it and then re-reading it.

Both methods are inadequate, the first because it is an uneconomical use of time. Research has shown that a second reading brings only 7 per cent more comprehension, while a third one adds only another 1 percent. The time spent on rereading is out of proportion to the gain that can be expected from it. A best method for super learning is P-V formula.

This P-V formula is your key to more effective study. Established by experimental research on learning methods.

(i) P stands for Preview : Browse through the study material / lessons to get a general idea of what it is about. Close the book and think about what you have gathered from your preview.

(ii) Q stands for Question : Ask yourself a few questions which you want your reading to answer. Some authors suggest such questions at the beginning of a chapter. If your author doesn’t, think of your own.

(iii) R stands for Read : Read the material and make sure that you understand it. Underline key words and phrases. Think about what you have read. Assess the relative importance of its various features.

(iv) S stands for Summarize : Make notes on what you read (create a Mind Map)

(v) T stands for Test : Test yourself on what you have read by using the information to answer the questions you asked under Q(above)- Answer the questions and problems set by your teacher Or by your text book author. Answer questions set In earlier exam papers. Discuss the subject with your classmates.

(vi) U stands for Use : Try to put material to some practical use In everyday affairs.

(vii) V stands for Visualize : Picture the ideas in your mind’S eye or visualize the actual pages of the textbook Or notebook.

Logical Reasoning

ANALYTICAL ABILTIY    

Directions (Q. 1-5): Below the  letters and their numeric codes are given and  that of some conditions are 
to be followed while codifying the given letter groups in each question. Study  them and find out
the correct numeric coded form of the given letter group in each question. If none of the coded
forms is correct, your answer will be (d) i .e. ‘none of these’.
  Letters  :   M Q I N E Y U G R
  Numeric Codes   :    2  5  3 7 1 8  4  6  9
  
  Conditions:
  (i)   If the first and last letters are vowels both are to be coded as $. 
  (ii)  If the second letter is a vowel and the third is a consonant a single code is to be used and both
are to be coded jointly as %
  (iii) If the first letter is a conson ant and the last letter is a vowel both are to be code as?

1.  UNGRE                                
  (a)  $769$      (b)  4769$  
  (c)  47691      (d)  none of these

2.  EINUM
  (a)  1%72      (b)  0%42  
  (c)  1374?      (d)  none of these

3.  GENIR
  (a)  ?173?      (b)  6%39  
  (c)  6%79      (d)  none of these

4.  ENIMY
  (a)  1%28      (b)  ?732?  
  (c)  17328      (d)  none of these

5.  QUERI
  (a)  5%93      (b)  ?413?  
  (c)  ?419?      (d)  none of these

6.  Vinita bought a watch with 24% discount on the selling price. If the watch cost her Rs. 779. What
is the original selling price of  the watch?
  (a)  Rs. 1,000      (b)  Rs. 950  
  (c)  Rs. 1,040      (d)  none of these

7.  Samantha, Jessica and Roseline begin to Jog around a circular stadium, they complete their
revolutions in 84 s, 56 s and 63 s respectively. After how many seconds will they be together at
the starting point?
  (a)  336      (b)  504  
  (c)  252      (d)  cannot be determined
             
8.  A sum of money is to be divided amongst A, B and C in the respective ratio of 
3 : 4 : 5 and another sum of money is to be divided between E and F equally. If F got Rs. 1,050
less than A, how much amount did B receive?
  (a)  Rs. 750      (b)  Rs. 2,000  
  (c)  Rs. 1,500      (d)  cannot be determined


9.  16 men can complete a piece of work in 8 days. In how many days can 12 men complete the same 
piece of work?
  (a)  10      (b)  28/3
  
  (c)  32/3      (d) 34/3

10.  If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 200% and the denominator is increased by 160%, the
resultant fraction is  7/13 . What is the original fraction?
  (a) 7/15      (b) 2/15

  (c) 8/15      (d) 5/7




ANALYTICAL ABILITY
1.  (a)  2.  (d)  3.  (b)   4.  (c)  5.  (c)
6.  (d)  7.  (b)   8.  (d)  9.  (c)  10. (a)

Why a high IQ doesn't mean you're smart ?

IS GEORGE W. BUSH stupid? It's a question that occupied a good many minds of all political persuasions during his turbulent eight-year presidency. The strict answer is no. Bush's IQ score is estimated to be above 120, which suggests an intelligence in the top 10 per cent of the population. But this, surely, does not tell the whole story. Even those sympathetic to the former president have acknowledged that as a thinker and decision-maker he is not all there. Even his loyal speechwriter David Frum called him glib, incurious and "as a result ill-informed". The political pundit and former Republican congressman Joe Scarborough accused him of lacking intellectual depth, claiming that compared with other US presidents whose intellect had been questioned, Bush junior was "in a league by himself". Bush himself has described his thinking style as "not very analytical".

How can someone with a high IQ have these kinds of intellectual deficiencies? Put another way, how can a "smart" person act foolishly? Keith Stanovich, professor of human development and applied psychology at the University of Toronto, Canada, has grappled with this apparent incongruity for 15 years. He says it applies to more people than you might think. To Stanovich, however, there is nothing incongruous about it. IQ tests are very good at measuring certain mental faculties, he says, including logic, abstract reasoning, learning ability and working-memory capacity - how much information you can hold in mind.

But the tests fall down when it comes to measuring those abilities crucial to making good judgements in real-life situations. That's because they are unable to assess things such as a person's ability to critically weigh up information, or whether an individual can override the intuitive cognitive biases that can lead us astray.

This is the kind of rational thinking we are compelled to do every day, whether deciding which foods to eat, where to invest money, or how to deal with a difficult client at work. We need to be good at rational thinking to navigate our way around an increasingly complex world. And yet, says Stanovich, IQ tests - still the predominant measure of people's cognitive abilities - do not effectively tap into it. "IQ tests measure an important domain of cognitive functioning and they are moderately good at predicting academic and work success. But they are incomplete. They fall short of the full panoply of skills that would come under the rubric of 'good thinking'."
IQ isn't everything

"A high IQ is like height in a basketball player," says David Perkins, who studies thinking and reasoning skills at Harvard Graduate School of Education in Cambridge, Massachusetts. "It is very important, all other things being equal. But all other things aren't equal. There's a lot more to being a good basketball player than being tall, and there's a lot more to being a good thinker than having a high IQ."

IQ tests and their proxies, which are designed to measure a factor known as general intelligence, are used by many businesses and colleges to help select the "best" candidates, and also play a role in schools and universities, in the form of SAT tests in the US and CATs in the UK. "IQ tests determine, to an important degree, the academic and professional careers of millions of people in the US," Stanovich says in his book, What Intelligence Tests Miss (Yale University Press, 2008). He challenges the "lavish attention" society bestows on such tests, which he claims measure only a limited part of cognitive functioning. "IQ tests are overvalued, and I think most psychologists would agree with that," says Jonathan Evans, a cognitive psychologist at the University of Plymouth, UK.

Indeed, IQ scores have long been criticised as poor indicators of an individual's all-round intelligence, as well as for their inability to predict how good a person will be in a particular profession. The palaeontologist Stephen Jay Gould claimed in The Mismeasure of Man in 1981 that general intelligence was simply a mathematical artefact and that its use was unscientific and culturally and socially discriminatory. Howard Gardner at the Harvard Graduate School of Education has been arguing - controversially - for more than 25 years that cognitive capacity is best understood in terms of multiple intelligences, covering mathematical, verbal, visual-spatial, physiological, naturalistic, self-reflective, social and musical aptitudes.

Yet unlike many critics of IQ testing, Stanovich and other researchers into rational thinking are not trying to redefine intelligence, which they are happy to characterise as those mental abilities that can be measured by IQ tests. Rather, they are trying to focus attention on cognitive faculties that go beyond intelligence - what they describe as the essential tools of rational thinking. These, they claim, are just as important as intelligence to judgement and decision-making. "IQ is only part of what it means to be smart," says Evans.

A Mind Boggling IQ Question

Facts:

1. There are 5 houses in 5 different colours
2. In each house lives a person with a different nationality..
3. These 5 owners drink a certain beverage, smoke a certain brand of cigar and keep a certain pet.
4. No owners have the same pet, smoke the same brand of cigar or drink the same drink.

 

Hints:
1. The Brit lives in a red house.
2. The Swede keeps dogs as pets.
3. The Dane drinks tea.
4. The green house is on the left of the white house.
5. The green house owner drinks coffee.
6. The person who smokes Pall Mall rears birds.
7. The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill.
8. The man living in the house right in the centre drinks milk.
9. The Norwegian lives in the first house.
10. The man who smokes Blend lives next to the one who keeps cats.
11. The man who keeps horses lives next to the man who smokes Dunhill.
12. The owner who smokes Blue Master drinks beer.
13. The German smokes Prince.
14. The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
15. The man who smokes Blend has a neighbour who drinks water.

The question for the test is ... WHO KEEPS THE FISH?